Report alleges Russia used 'shadow ships' for drone surveillance over European military sites

A report released by the International Institute of Strategic Studies (IISS) on Thursday, July 2, 2026, suggests that Russia likely employed "shadow ships" to launch drones for surveillance over European military installations and to test NATO air defenses between 2024 and 2026. The report documented 144 suspected drone sightings across Europe, including over military bases in NATO member states such as Germany, France, Belgium, the Netherlands, the U.K., and Denmark. The Dutch Defense Ministry confirmed drone sightings over Volkel Air Base, and French authorities are investigating similar incidents over Ile Longue.